01
政府类话题--环境
随着全球变暖，已经经济发展、科技发展带来的影响。环境问题似乎成为各国政府首要考率的问题之一。环境污染、环境破坏、原生态损坏以及物种濒危等，都存在很大的人为因素，为了人类未来长久发展以及对于资源的可持续利用，政府的政策又出现哪些变化，作为学生又感知到哪些？又可以做些什么？
02
相关词汇分享
environment n.自然环境，生态环境
[同源词汇]
environmental adj.环境的; environmentally adv.有关环境方面; environmentalism n. 环境保护论.
[经典搭配]
ruin the environment 破坏环境
strengthen environmental protection
加强环境保护
protect the environment from the pollution
保护环境不受污染
[即学即用]
Economic development is clearly essential for communities' livelihoods and the well-being of nations, but is often a source of harmful environmental pollution.
很显然，经济发展有利于国富民强，但同时也是环境污染的源头。
environmentalist n.环境论者，环保人士
[即学即用]
He is an environmentalist with a passion of the biology and geography of the region.
他是一一个环保人士，对这个地区的生物和地理很有热情。
pollution n.污染
[思路拓展]
环保4R的理念
R eduction 减量
Reuse 重复使用
Recycling 回收性
Regeneration 再生
[同源词汇]
pollute vt. 污染; polluted adj.受污染的; pollutant n. 污染物
[同义表达]
contamination n.污染，污染物
[即学即用]
People would pay high price for the environmental pollution caused by man-made waste.
人们会为产生的垃圾带来的环境污染付出高昂的代价。
[词汇拓展]
organic pollutants 有机污染物
white pollution 白色污染
water and soil erosion 水土流失
endangered wildlife 濒危野生动物
greenhouse effect 温室效应
rubbish/ garbage/ trash/ waste/ litter
垃圾
chemical pollutant 化学污染物
air and noise contanmination / pollution
空气和噪音污染
over-industrialization 过度工业化
deforestation 森林砍伐
the deterioration of air quality
日益恶化的空气质量
contaminate vt. 污染
[同源词汇]
contamination n.污染，污染物; contaminant n. 污染物，致污物
[同义表达]
pollute vt. 污染
[即学即用]
Environmental pollutants from many different sources contaminate water, air, and land, putting humans and ecosystems at risk.
不同来源的污染物质会污染水、空气及土壤，使人类和生态系统面临威胁。
[思路拓展]
Humans are paying the price (付出代价) of these pollutants on many levels: from direct harm to health through cancer, neurological impairment (神经损害) , and other ailments ( 疾病) , to contamination of the food chain ( 污染食物链) and the failing capacity of ecosystems ( 生态系统的容纳能力减弱) to absorb wastes and provide the essentials for life. These complex and urgent problems require innovative, flexible, and action-oriented(以行动为导向) approaches to finding solutions.
alleviate vt. 减轻，缓和
[经典搭配]
alleviate burdens 减负
aleviate pressure减压
[即学即用]
Ooe thingis for sure, fhart by using more enrgey eficient we wllbe belping to aleviate the toll on evicorweotal and humamn balth
可以确定通过使用更节约的能源，我们就会减少在环境和健康方面付出的代价。
atthe expenseof ..为代价
[同义表达]
athecostof ...为代价
[即学即用]
He finished the jobo at the enpense of his halth
他完成了那件工作，但却概害了健康。
waste n.废物，浪费
[同义表达]
refuse n.垃圾，废物;garbage n.垃圾，废物; rubbish n.垃圾，废物
[经典搭配]
garbage casication 垃圾分类
[考官例句]
Ithunk itis oue that im alumost every coumty today each househol and fmily poduces a lurge amomt of waste every week.
我认为今天几乎在所有的国家，京家户户每周都要产生大量的垃圾。
ecological n.生态，生态学
[同源词汇]
ecology n.生态学
[经典搭配]
ecological balance 生态平衡
ecologcal equilbiuan 生态平衡
[即学即用]
It is mo doubot that animnals play a vital role in maintining the ecological eqilibriumn.
毫无疑问，动物在维持自然平衡上起着重要的作用。
[句架提炼]
mainain tbhe ecolgical equlibim
维持生态平衡
ecosystem n.生态系统
[即学即用]
There are higly sensitive and dicitaely balanced ecoysems im the forest.
森林里有高度敏感、灵敏平衡的各种生态系统。
worsen vi&t恶化，变得更坏
[同源词汇]
worse adj.更坏的，更差的;worsening adj. 日益题化的
[同文表达]
derionte 恶化，变坏,恶化
[经典搭配]
the worsning apoltonn日益恶化的空气污染
[即学即用]
Arealy lowr Iiving standards bouve ben worsened boy stingent ecomomic refoms.
严谨的经济改革使本已很低的生活水平愈加恶化
estincion n.消灭，消失
[同源词汇]
extunct 灭绝的，绝种的
[同义表达]
death n.死亡， 毁灭; destoction n.破坏，毁灭
[经典搭配]
the mass extinction of.
大规模灭绝
[即学即用]
The plat is Dow in dnger of estinction.
这种植物现在有绝种的危险.
sewage n污水，污物
[同义表达]
dmainge n.排术，污水
[经典措配]
sewage disposal污水处理
sewagepuication污水净化
sewage teatment 污水处理
sewage uilization污水利用
[即学即用]
This ciny Teedis a rewr sewage disposal systemn.
这个城市需要一套新的污水处理系统。
disposable adj. 一次性使用的n.一次性物品
[同源词汇]
dispose t.8ovi. 处理， 处置
[经典搭配]
liter cllction and disposal垃圾的回收和处理
[即学即用]
The use of disposable products had ledto a mursed increase in tah
由于使用一次性的物品导致了垃圾的明显增多。
[词汇拓展]
disposable chopsticks 一次性筷子
disposable meal boxes 一次性饭盒
throwaway chopsticks 一次性筷子
one-off chopsticks 一次性筷子
harness vt. 利用
[同义表达]
utilize vt.利用; make use of利用; take advantage of 利用
[经典搭配]
harness the solar energy利用太阳能
[即学即用]
Scientists have known how to harness the limitless power of the sun.
科学家们已知道如何利用丰富的太阳能。
eliminate vt. 消除，排除
[同源词汇]
elimination n.消除，淘汰
[同义表达]
discard vt. 抛弃，丢弃; dispose vt.&vi.
处理，处置
[经典搭配]
eliminate noise 消除噪声
eliminate poverty 消除贫困
eliminate illiteracy 扫盲
[即学即用]
In line with a growing international trend on the use of plastic bags, many governments have experimented with heavy taxes, outright bans or eliminating the thinnest bags.
很多政府在使用塑料袋的问题上，和国际趋势接轨，征税、明令禁止或是取消使用。
ruin vt. 破坏，毁掉
[同义表达]
damage vt.&vi.损害 ，损毁; destroy vt.破坏
[经典搭配]
ruin the environment 破坏环境
in ruins 被毁灭的
[即学即用]
Many human activities can ruin the environment and some are even irreversible.
人类的很多行为都能破坏环境，甚至有些无法挽回。
biodegradable adj. 生物所能分解的，能进行生物降解的
[同源词汇]
degrade vt. 使....降解vi. 退化; degradable adj. 可能降解的
[经典搭配]
biodegradable garbage降解的垃圾
[即学即用]
Biodegradable plastic as a novel material possesses a vast range of application prospect.
生物降解塑料作为一种新型材料，有很好的应用前景。
exhaust vt.耗尽，排出n.废气
[同源词汇]
exhausted adj. 耗尽的; exhaustion n. 枯竭，耗尽
[同义表达]
useup用完， 耗尽; consume vt. 消耗
[经典搭配]
be exhausted 被耗尽
motor vehicle exhaust 汽车尾气排放
[即学即用]
Motor vehicle exhaust leads partly to the greenhouse effect.
机动车尾气排放是导致温室效应的部分原因。
be in short supply 供应不足
[同义表达]
shortage n. 缺乏，缺少; scarcity n. 不足，缺乏; lackof 缺乏
[经典搭配]
water shortage 水资源短缺
run out of resources 资源短缺
[即学即用]
It is widely-accepted that water as a valuable resource is in short supply in some area.
众所周知，在某些地区短缺珍贵的水资源。
ozone layer [气]臭氧层
[即学即用] Pollution leads to depletion of the ozone layer, global warming and climate change.
污染能导致臭氧层的空洞，全球变暖及气候变化。
use up 用完，耗尽
[考官例句] Certainly nobody wants to see our resources used up and our planet poisoned by waste.
当然，每人愿意看到资源用尽，地球遍地垃圾。
consume vt.消耗，消费
[考官例句]
The reason why we have so much packaging is that we consume so much more on a daily basis than the
families did in the past.
我们用掉大量的包装袋，其原因在于要比过去家庭的包装袋消耗量大得多。
[句架提炼]
The reason why... is that..
....的原因在于
discharge vt. 使流出，放出;排出
[即学即用]
Experts blame people's poor awareness of the harm done to marine ecology by pollutants discharged by coastal cities.
很多专家将海洋生态的破坏归咎于缺乏环保意识，沿海城市居民将污染物排放到大海里。
release vt.释放，发射n.释放
[即学即用]
Air pollution is the release of chemicals and particles into the atmosphere.
空气污染是化学物质释放到大气中而造成的。
enmnission n.排放，散发，发出(气体、光、热)
[同源词汇]
emit vt. 发出，散发(光、热、声音、气等)
[经典搭配]
the emission of... 排放
emission reduction 减排
carbon emission reduction 碳减排
[即学即用]
The restriction of the number of cars can reduce greenhouse gas emissions to a large extent.
从很大程度上来说，限制车的数量可以减少温室气体的排放。
zero-emission 零排放
[即学即用]
In addition to public transport, switching to zero-emission vehicles is another approach to control the air pollution in major cities.
除了提高公共交通外，改用零排放的车辆是很多大城市控制空气污染的另一个方法。
[词汇拓展]
所谓零排放，是指无限地减少污染物和能源排放直至到零的活动。zero-emission vehicle就是“零排放车辆”，指不排放任何有害污染物的车辆。zero-emission vehicle称为green vehicle(绿色汽车)、eco-friendly vehicle(环保汽车)、cleancar (清洁汽车)等。
energy-saving and emission-reduction
节能减排
[即学即用]
How will the city government strengthen the management of high-energy-consumption enterprises as far as
energy saving and emission reduction are concerned?
就节能减排而言，市政府如何加强高耗能企业的管理?
exploitation n. 开发，开采
[同源词汇]
exploit vt. 开发，开拓; overexploitation n. 过度开采
[考官例句]
It is an unfortunate fact that many employers may prefer to use the services of children simply to save money by paying them less than adults and it is this type of exploitation that should be discouraged.
不幸的是很多雇主愿意使用童工，付给他们的薪水要比成年人低很多，应该阻止剥削劳动力的行为。
[句架提炼]
It is an unfortunate fact that...不幸的 ......
hazardous adj. (化合物)有害的
[同源词汇]
hazard vt. 使遭受危险 n. 危险
[同义表达]
poisonous adj. 有毒的，恶毒的; dangerous adj. 危险的
[经典搭配]
hazardous material 有害物质
[即学即用]
The situation has the potential to be hazardous, but no people, property, or environment is currently affected by this.
这种情况可能很危险，但是人、财产及环境在目前状况下不会受到影响。
degradation n. 退化
[同源词汇]
degrade vt.使...降解vi.退化; degradable adj.可能降解的
[经典搭配]
environmental degradation环境恶化
[即学即用]
Grassland degradation and desertification have become one of the prominent environmental problems in this area.
草地退化、土地沙化等问题已成为这一地区突出的环境问题之一。
deforestation n. 森林砍伐
[同源词汇]
deforest vt. 采伐森林
[反义表达]
afforestation n.造林
[即学即用]
Deforestation and increased road-building are a significant concern because of increased human encroachment upon wild areas, increased resource extraction and further threats to biodiversity.
森林砍伐和修筑公路是人类不断侵犯野生环境，不断地开采资源，对生物多样化造成了威胁。
[思路拓展]
Disregard or ignorance of intrinsic value (内在规律)， lax forest management ( 松散的森林管理) and deficient environmental law (不严格的环境保护法) are some of the factors that allow deforestation to occur on a large scale (大规模的森林砍伐) . In many countries, deforestation is an ongoing issue that is causing extinction (灭绝) . changes to climatic conditions (气候条件),desertification ( 土壤沙漠化)，and displacement of indigenous people (本土居民的迁移)
renewable adj.可更新的，可继续的，可再生的
[同源词汇]
renew vt.使更新
[经典搭配]
renewable energy 再生能源
non-renewable resource 不可再生资源
[即学即用]
A govermment-sponsored renewable energy project will be launched next month.
政府资助的可再生能源项目将于下个月启动。
poseathreatto 对健康构成威胁
[同义表达]
threaten vt. &vi. 威胁
[即学即用]
If people still pose a threat to natural habitats, then natural resources will be depleted and environment will be degraded.
如果人们仍然威胁动物栖息地，那么自然资源就会枯竭，环境持续恶化。
vulnerable adj.有弱点的，易受伤害的
[即学即用 ]
Everyday human activities such as cooking, heating, and transportation also produce pollutants. The poor and underprivileged are especially vulnerable.
像烹饪、取暖及交通这样的日常行为也会产生污染物质。贫穷的人最容易受到侵犯。
deterioration n. 恶化，退化
[同源词汇]
deteriorate vi. 恶化，变坏vt. 恶化
[反义表达]
amelioration n.改进，改善
[经典搭配]
deterioration of...恶化
[即学即用]
The deterioration of the biological environment, caused by rapid economic development and population growth, has harmed the biological diversity and threatened the sustainable development.
经济的快速发展及人口的迅速膨胀导致了生态环境的恶化，破坏了生物多样性、对可持续发展造成了威胁。
fossil fuels 矿物燃料
[即学即用 ]
There is a growing concern regarding the collaboration between fossil fuels and environmental pollution.
人们越来越关注矿物燃料和环境污染的关系。
irreversible adj. 不可逆的
[同源词汇]
reverse vt. 颠倒，倒转
[同义表达]
irreparable adj. 不能挽回的，不能修补的
[经典搭配]
irreversible change 不可逆变化
irreversible process 不可逆过程
[即学即用]
New economy and globalization have become an unavoidable fact and an irreversible trend.
新经济与全球化是无法回避的事实，而且趋势不可逆转。
package n.包，包裹vt.包装
[考官例句]
Most of this rubbish comes from the packaging from the things we buy, such as processed food.
大量的垃圾就来自于我们购买商品的包装，例如加工过的食品。
throw away 扔掉，丢弃
[考官例句]
However, the amount of waste produced is also a result of our tendency to use something once and throw it away.
然而，大量垃圾的产生也是我们越来越多地使用一次性东西然后就扔掉的结果。
[句架提炼]
be aresultof... ....的结果 ( 因果论证句型)
dispose of 处理，解决
[考官例句]
We also forget that it is a source of pollution and difficult to dispose of.
我们也忘记这是污染的源头，很难处理掉。
[句架提炼]
be a source of....是 ...的来源
put the blame on归咎于.....
[即学即用]
It is reasonable to put the blame on the human's inadequate manmers as for the worsening environment.
关于环境的恶化，把责任都归结于人们不当的行为是合理的。
blameworthy adj.该受责 备的，应受谴责的
[同义表达]
blameful adj.应受责备的，该受谴责的; reprehensible adj. 应斥责 的，应该谴责的;
blamable adj.可责备的;有过失的;
culpable adj. 应受 处罚的
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